Cardiovascular Surgery, Transplantation

Original research articles, review articles, and case reports

Cardiology, Internal Medicine, relevant disciplines

Original research articles, review articles, and case reports

Archive of Issues
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Links to COVID - 19 resources

Vol 8 ( 2024 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

The role of revascularization in chronic coronary disease: a reappraisal stemming from the most recent AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guidelines

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EDITORIALS

Expert opinion on conduction system pacing implantation: A new approach to cardiac pacing

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EDITORIALS

Healthy aging and cardiovascular health in Kyrgyzstan: current status and emerging challenges

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EDITORIALS

CardiacEye foundation humanitarian medical camp for the welfare of local population in Kallar Kahar region

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Clinical and ultrasound features of Mondor's disease of the breast: a case series

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of pulmonary aspergilloma

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comprehensive assessment of the quality of life in patients with breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Procalcitonin as a predictor of survival in patients with sepsis: A study on diagnostic accuracy

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dynamics of the development of the epidemic of coronavirus infection and assessment of population immunity to SARS-COV-2 in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism among COVID-19 patients

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Predictors of early hospital mortality in patients with ischemic stroke

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BRIEF REPORT

Evaluation of myocardial contraction fraction in transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Impact of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle function and functional capacity in patients with heart failure: a scoping review

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CASE REPORT

A safe single stage strategy for surgical repair of redo coarctation of aorta repair with coronary artery bypass grafting in adults: A case report

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CASE REPORT

Simultaneous surgery in combination of double myxoma of the right atrium and coronary heart disease

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CASE REPORT

Design and implementation of cardiac rehabilitation in pediatric heart re-transplantation: a case report

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CASE REPORT

Left ventricular perforation by a chest tube: Case report and review of complications

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QUIZ

Quiz: A round cyst-like structure in the right atrium

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CASE REPORT

AQP4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder concurring with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis at pediatric age: a case report

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz: A round cyst-like structure in the right atrium

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QUIZ

Cardiac microanatomy: understanding fundamental histological features and functional significance in the heart

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz: Cardiac Anatomy on page XX

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 8 March 2024

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Articles Published Ahead of Print

DEBATES

On sweet undeniable feeling of power of international intellectual feudalism, bias, discrimination, censoring, theft, and yet cloud of rumors again – Part 1

This is a first piece we open for debate and discussion. As every editor can comprehend from the title of this short introduction, this is about may be some journal editors have experienced or it may only be intrinsic for our journal.

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ANNOUNCEMENT

Announcement on peer-review during COVID-19 pandemics

This is to notify that we prolong the time for review and revision for manuscripts we receive for consideration for publication for authors, reviewers and editors involved in the fight against COVID -19.


ANNOUNCEMENT

Academic English writing course October 2022

The Heart, Vessels and Transplantation journal, Center for Scientific Research and Development of Education, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and British Council office invite you to take part in online Academic English Writing Course that starts on January 2023 (Every Monday and Wednesday 5-6 pm Bishkek time ).

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ANNOUNCEMENT

Announcement on Echocardiography Course - CSR&DE

Center for Scientific Research and Development of Education organizes course online echocardiography for beginners for physicians, residents and interns. The course starts on September 12, 2022, 2 times per week 4.30-5.30 pm Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan time, every Monday and Thursday.


ANNOUNCEMENT

Announcement on Biomedical Statistics Course - CSR&DE

Center for Scientific Research and Development of Education organizes online course on biomedical statistics that will help you understand and use statistics for your scientific work, thesis and dissertations and manuscripts. The course starts on April , 2023, 8-9.30 pm Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan time, every Tuesday and Thursday for 5 weeks.


ANNOUNCEMENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY SCHOOL – IRIS 2022

International Research School organized by Heart, Vessrls and Transplantation journal and CSRDE will be held in November 2022 online, semi-virtual format is also on agenda if global pandemics sitiation will allow to make semi-virtual. We invite young researchers, residents, PhD students and junior faculty members of universities, research institutons, teaching hospitals who would like to acquire research skills in preparation of scientific project.


SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Hospital predictors of deep vein thrombosis after ischemic stroke: A systematic review

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ejection fraction improvement in left ventricular-only pacing vs. BiVentricular pacing in patients with heart failure

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Vol 7 ( 2023 ); Issue 4

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EDITORIALS

Changing the diagnostic paradigm of the ECG diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy

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EDITORIALS

Overview of the 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies

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EDITORIALS

Key messages to comprehend: 2023 Focused Update of the 2021 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

A rare case series of mechanical prosthetic heart valve structural deterioration presented as severe mitral regurgitation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Study of usefulness of speckle-tracking echocardiography in detecting left ventricular dysfunction among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Moving from a training project to a real international project: an experience with an on-line mentorship model

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evaluation of the possibility of using spectral analysis of a single-channel ECG for the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle of the heart

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of isolated protein diet on remodeling of the bronchial-alveolar-vascular microaxis of the lungs

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Complications of endoscopic ligation of varicose veins in patients with portal hypertension

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Superiority of 3D transesophageal echocardiography in assessment of mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction as compared to 2D transesophageal echocardiography

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The angiographic and clinical profile of patients with Takayasu aortoarteritis

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Left atrial appendage thrombus formation despite oral anticoagulation: what can we do when there is nothing to offer?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Single-center adult cardiac surgery practice during the COVID-19 era

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REVIEW

Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy operations with stenting of the carotid arteries: a systematic review

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REVIEW

Influence of mountain climate on multiple sclerosis

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HISTORICAL NOTE

Anatomy across centuries: From ancient Greeks to modern innovations. The merit and significance of autopsies today

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CASE REPORT

Surgical repair of ruptured infrarenal abdominal aortic mycotic aneurysm using superficial femoral vein graft: A case report

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CASE REPORT

Giant myxoma of the right sections of the heart obstructing the inferior vena cava: A case report

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CASE REPORT

A rare case of free floating thrombus in the aorta and left ventricle – a case report

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QUIZ

Quiz – Electrocardiography

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CASE REPORT

Rare presentation of bicuspid aortic valve with severe stenosis complicated by mitral valve chordal rupture in peripartum period

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz – Electrocardiography

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 7 December 2023

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewer Index

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index

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MISCELLANEOUS

Content index

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Vol 7 ( 2023 ); Issue 3

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

ESC guidelines on cardiovascular assessment and management of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a practical guide for clinicians

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EDITORIALS

Management of arrhythmias during pregnancy

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EDITORIALS

The role of coronary physiology in the management of percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) Consensus

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Predictive role of fragmented QRS in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Risk factors to predict severity of coronary artery disease in young patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A retrospective observational study

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparative study of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy using ACCURA balloon in juvenile vs adult rheumatic mitral stenosis

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Zero-fluroscopy ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: A single-center experience in Mexico

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dynamics of deaths and mortality rate in Kazakhstan population

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REVIEW

Mitral valve repair during septal myectomy in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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REVIEW

Nutrition in coronavirus infection (COVID -19)

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CASE REPORT

Left atrial myxoma as a rare cause of acute hemiplegia in an 8-year-old child

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CASE REPORT

Subclavian coronary steal syndrome in a post coronary artery bypass grafting patient: A case report

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CASE REPORT

Case report of symptomatic very late presentation of ALCAPA syndrome: from AL-CAPONE to Robin Hood of coronary artery anomalies

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CASE REPORT

Endovascular treatment with coil embolization of saccular celiac artery aneurysm: a case report

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QUIZ

Quiz: three-dimensional inspection of the internal vascular structure

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HISTORICAL NOTE

Evolution of cardiac pacemakers: a journey from Galvanic experiments to leadless pacemakers

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz: Quiz: three-dimensional inspection of the internal vascular structure on page XXX

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 7 September 2023

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Vol 7 ( 2023 ); Issue 2

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-chief: Our issue, journal`s performance and indexing, new trials, guidelines and consensus documents, long COVID

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EDITORIALS

Anesthetic management of pregnant patients with cardiovascular disease: a commentary on the 2023 American Heart Association (AHA) scientific statement

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty on left ventricular function in rheumatic mitral stenosis

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EDITORIALS

Multidisciplinary Care for Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis: a Lesson from the 2023 American College of Cardiology Expert Consensus

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REVIEW

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in rheumatic mitral stenosis: the earlier the merrier?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Superior vena cava syndrome and pacemaker leads. Explant by mechanical dissection system of extraction and percutaneous recanalization with stents for new device implantation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Long-term tendency and risk factors for stroke in Bishkek

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REVIEW

Heart valve disease gender difference in the era of transcatheter treatment

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CASE REPORT

Simultaneous pectus excavatum repair using sternal plate in a patient undergoing the Bentall procedure

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CASE REPORT

A case report: A severe juxta-ductal coarctation of aorta with post coarctation aortic aneurysm

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CASE REPORT

Recovery of baseline renal function after treatment for prolonged in-stent artery thrombosis, in a COVID-19 positive patient: a case report

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QUIZ

Quiz - Congenital heart diseases

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HISTORICAL NOTE

Vivien T. Thomas, the pioneering lab assistant who revolutionized congenital heart disease surgery

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 7 June 2023

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Vol 7 ( 2023 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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REVIEW

Acute Coronary Syndrome in Older Adults: an Update from the 2022 Scientific Statement by the American Heart Association

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REVIEW

Comments on new 2022 European Society of Cardiology guidelines on cardiooncology

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EDITORIALS

2022 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aortic disease: lessons to be drawn

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mechanical function of the left atrium within 28 days after restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Association between inflammation and cigarette smoking in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Predictive significance and diagnostic accuracy of plasma fibrinogen levels for coronary stenting outcomes

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Students’ attitude towards health in terms of sociological analysis

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of myocardial perfusion imaging for the assessment of coronary artery disease: a Brazilian experience

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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Benefits of early mobilization in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a scope review

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CASE REPORT

A rare coronary artery anomaly - type X dual left anterior descending artery: a case report with brief literature review

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EDUCATION

IRIS Slovakia 2022: Utilizing the experience from the on-line IRIS courses

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EDUCATION

Left atrial appendage occlusion EP course

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 7 March 2023

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Vol 6 ( 2022 ); Issue 4

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

What is new with 2022 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for prevention of sudden cardiac death?

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EDITORIALS

Orthostatic hypotension in elderly: Do you measure orthostatic and clinostatic blood pressure?

In this article we highlighted the blood pressure management in elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension.

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EDITORIALS

What is new in the updated 2022 Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS™ 2.0) consensus document?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Variations in coronary artery diameter: a retrospective observational study in Indian population

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Endocarditis in pregnancy and postpartum: cases in a prospective adult cohort and literature review

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CASE REPORT

Congenital unilateral diaphragmatic eventration in adults – a case series with a brief literature review

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REVIEW

The current and future role of artificial intelligence in optimizing donor organ utilization and recipient outcomes in heart transplantation

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CASE REPORT

Surgical treatment of the ascending aorta giant aneurysm

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

About Doctor's Day

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NEWS

EHRA course in Kazakhstan 2022: Cardiac arrhythmia management and cardiac electrophysiology for cardiologists

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 6 December 2022

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index 2022 – Heart, Vessels and Transplantation

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MISCELLANEOUS

Content Index 2022 – Heart, Vessels and Transplantation

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewer Index 2022 – Heart, Vessels and Transplantation

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Vol 6 ( 2022 ); Issue 3

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: On current issue, updates on policies and ethics, insights from ESC 2022 congress and more, long COVID and welcome to new Editors

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EDITORIALS

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children and adolescents

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Anatomical risks and complications associated with myocardial bridging

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Algorithm of surgical tactics and surgical treatment of cholelithiasis complicated by multiple choledocholithiasis

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REVIEW

The prevalence and course of COVID-19 and the cardiovascular diseases

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CASE REPORT

Radiofrequency ablation of the left atrial scar-related atrial flutter in a patient without prior ablative procedures

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CASE REPORT

An unusual congenital coronary anomaly: A circumflex coronary artery arising in ``shotgun`` with the right coronary artery in anterior ST – elevation myocardial infarction

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QUIZ

A patient with heart failure symptoms and continuous murmur

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EDITORIALS

Book review: "Medicine: The Definitive Illustrated History" by Steve Parker

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QUIZ

Answer to the Quiz: Imaging and case discussion

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 6 September 2022

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Vol 6 ( 2022 ); Issue 2

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page


EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: Jubilee issue, 5-year gains and goals, important news from recent meetings and pandemics

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EDITORIALS

Perspectives of ACC/AHA/SCAI myocardial revascularization 2022 guideline implementation in Kyrgyz Republic

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EDITORIALS

Device Therapy Recommendations In Recent Heart Failure Guidelines: A Closer Look

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EDITORIALS

The missed chance you'll never regret: a predator journal's invitation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Does Intra-Aortic Balloon pump (IABP) improve hemodynamics in Asian Indian patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with cardiogenic Shock? (DIASTASIS study)

Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is widely used as a mechanical support device. Current evidence after the IABP-SHOCK II trial is ambiguous. We evaluated the impact of IABP on hemodynamic parameters (Cardiac Output (CO), Cardiac Power Output (CPO) and Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)) measured at 6 and 24 hours in patients presenting with cardiogenic shock (CS) with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) amongst Asian Indians.

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REVIEW

Stroke-associated in-hospital mortality

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CASE REPORT

Arterial hypotension during percutaneous procedures in the left atrium: It is not always pericardial tamponade!

On the stage of left atrial percutaneous procedures a number of acute complications and their management have been described. In the current brief report, coronary air embolism, its acute manifestations, differential diagnosis and outcomes were presented in three patients who underwent cryoballoon ablation of atrial fibrillation and left appendage closure.

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CASE REPORT

Zero-fluoroscopy approach for ablation in Wolf -Parkinson – White syndrome during pregnancy

We present the case of a pregnant woman with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome with recurrent episodes of tachycardia, refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy, who underwent catheter ablation of a left lateral accessory pathway without the use of fluoroscopy.

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CASE REPORT

Efficacy of shockwave C2 coronary intravascular lithotripsy for management of severely calcified left anterior descending stenosis

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 6 June 2022

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Vol 6 ( 2022 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: Our commitments, current and forthcoming jubilee issues, few updates on evidence-based knowledge, pandemics

We are committed to evaluate by means of independent peer-review your manuscripts and produce evidence-based science and medical knowledge, as well as bring to your attention comprehensive knowledge aimed at improving your clinical practice and provide continued medical education.

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EDITORIALS

Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2021: a summary of the new recommendations

Sepsis is the result of the hosts’ response to an infectious agent, leading to organ dysfunction (1). It is a very common syndrome, estimated to have occurred in 48.9 million people in 2017, which represented an incidence of 677.5 (535.7–876.1) cases per 100,000 in the same year

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EDITORIALS

Management of hypertension in pregnancy

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EDITORIALS

Recommendations on nutrition to improve cardiovascular health of population of Kyrgyzstan in light of AHA dietary guidance 2021

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Study of endovascular treatment in obstructive aortoiliac lesions: Immediate and short-term results

Aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD) is a common atherosclerotic disease causing significant morbidity. Transatlantic intersociety consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II) recommends endovascular therapy (ET) for better management of patients with lesions type A and B. With the advent of endovascular therapy, type C and D lesions management is becoming more feasible with endovascular therapy than open surgery for aorto-iliac occlusive disease. We aimed to evaluate patients with AIOD and to describe short-term outcome of endovascular treatment for such lesions.

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REVIEW

Multidetector computed tomography in the selection of the optimal surgical approach to the replacement of the aortic valve

As a result of reviewing and studying the studies, it can be concluded that the replacement of the aortic valve with minimally invasive methods is more effective.

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QUIZ

Quiz – Imaging

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QUIZ

Quiz: Thoracic Surgery

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IMAGE

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in hyperacute inferior STEMI

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred reperfusion therapy for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in the first 12 hours after symptom onset, provided it can be performed quickly (120 minutes from STEMI diagnosis) by an experienced team

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz – Imaging and Discussion


QUIZ

Quiz: Thoracic Surgery – Answer and Discussion

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EDUCATION

The 29th International Research Interdisciplinary School 2021, Slovakia. IRIS Slovakia 2021 on-line Bratislava, September 13-17, 2021

During the last two years, our professional as well as personal lives have been considerably influenced by the COVID 19 pandemics. This situation has required fundamental changes how to approach and maintain our activities. However, in spite of the pandemic situation we continue organizing the International Research Interdisciplinary School (IRIS) courses annually for already 16 years.

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EDUCATION

First Republic radiology contest for foreign students of medical schools in Kyrgyz Republic

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 6 March 2022

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Vol 5 ( 2021 ); Issue 4

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

What is new in ESC 2021 guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular diseases?

The updated ESC guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD)

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EDITORIALS

What is new in valvular heart disease ESC Guidelines 2021?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Preoperative cardiopulmonary exercise testing for risk assessment before elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

Preoperative CPET before elective CABG was feasible and safe. However, a large proportion of patients did not achieve the anaerobic threshold. Therefore, VE/VCO2 slope, OUES and HRR may be the most useful CPET variables in the preoperative period.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The pattern of systemic inflammation index in normotensive non-dipper and dipper hypertensive patients

This study showed that normotensive non-dipper patients had inflammation as much as dipper hypertensive patients according to measurement of MPV, RDW systemic inflammation index, PLR, NLR levels.

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REVIEW

Blunt traumatic aortic injury: CT angiography images and short review of current literature

The purpose of this article was to highlight the points to be considered in blunt traumatic aortic injury due to high-energy motor vehicle accident.

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CASE REPORT

Large patent ductus arteriosus in a 14-month-old girl with low birth weight

We present a case of a large patent ductus arteriosus closure with Amplatzer ductal occluder in a 14-month-old girl with low birth weight.

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IMAGE

Successful treatment of chronic total occlusion of the coronary arteries through the femoral vein: a novel approach

We demonstrated that in cases when the antergrade access to CTO is not possible, femoral vein retrograde access with transseptal puncture with coronary intervention and stenting can be used successfully.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz on page 198 and case discussion


LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Letter to the Editor: Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Answer to Letter to the Editor: Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass - ECG?

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Answer to Letter to the Editor: Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass – ECG?

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass - ECG insights

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Answer to Letter to the Editor: Multimodality imaging of a left ventricular mass – ECG insights

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 5 December 2021

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index 2021

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewer Index 2021

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MISCELLANEOUS

Content Index 2021

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Vol 5 ( 2021 ); Issue 3

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: On September 2021 issue, hot trials at ESC congress this year, and updates on pandemics

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EDITORIALS

What is new in cardiac pacing ESC guidelines 2021?

New sections have appeared concerning patient workout before implantation, but also concerning the new modalities of conduction system pacing, and a new section on perioperative management. We summarize here the key points from these International guidelines.

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EDITORIALS

New in the diagnosis of heart failure and management of associated conditions in 2021 ESC guidelines

Heart failure (HF) is a major health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. The report about heart disease and stroke statistics claimed that almost 6.0 million Americans ≥20 years of age had HF based on the results of 2015-2018 The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1)

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EDITORIALS

Current pharmacological treatment of heart failure: What is new in the 2021 ESC guidelines?

The current guidelines are a breakthrough in the approach to heart failure not only because of new therapies, but mainly because of the approach to treatment. The newest recommendations mark the beginning of an era in which personalization of implemented therapies comes to the fore

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The evaluation of cTnT/CK-MB ratio is as a predictor of change in cardiac function after myocardial infarction

The cTnT/CK-MB ratio was superior to its components in predicting changes in LV function after STEMI. The cTnT/CK-MB ratio can be used in clinical practice for risk stratification and treatment optimization.

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REVIEW

Choosing the vascular access in interventional cardiology: evolution and contemporary practice

Percutaneous coronary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are very frequent worldwide and therefore bring to discussion the best vascular access for each patient. The vascular access for coronary angiography or coronary interventions must be chosen according to the patient's clinical and anatomical characteristics, as well as the experience of the interventional cardiologist. Several studies have shown the superiority of radial access compared to femoral access, reducing local complications, major cardiovascular events, death and hospital costs. The ulnar approach is a feasible and safe option in the absence of radial access.

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CASE REPORT

Sudden cardiac arrest after late permanent pacemaker implantation in a heart transplant patient

Bradycardia during the early period following heart transplantation frequently occurs with an incidence of 14 to 44% and it is usually self-limited. The incidence of late bradycardia (from 30 days to more than 5 or 6 months after transplantation) has been reported to be 1.5%. A 33-year-old male patient with a history of orthotopic heart transplantation in 2013 presented with complaints of dizziness and near syncope. A DDDR permanent pacemaker was implanted for sinus pauses exceeding 3 seconds recorded on Holter examination. Shortly after the procedure, he developed sudden cardiovascular collapse. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed and a pulse steroid treatment (2 grams of methylprednisolone) was given. After 2 days, the patient was extubated. While making preparations for re-transplantation, cardiopulmonary arrest developed again and he died. Sinus pause may be a clue for rejection and is an important finding in predicting clinical course.

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CASE REPORT

Anatomy of the retrograde type A aortic dissection after endovascular repair of type B aortic dissection: a case report

We report a case of a 55-year-old gentleman who had undergone thoracic EVAR. Thirty months after the given procedure he presented with RTAD and underwent supracoronary aortic replacement. The article is intended to remind the clinicians of the importance of early detection of the possible complications when performing EVAR, and the significance of a rapid response.

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CASE REPORT

A case of undifferentiated pleomorphic cardiac sarcoma

We present a case of a 78-year-old female patient who was admitted to our hospital with progressive dyspnea and chest pain. Echocardiography revealed multiple masses of different shape and size in the left atrium, the left and right ventricles. Cardiac magnetic resonance confirmed multiple cardiac masses with signs of invasion in the myocardium and heterogeneous late gadolinium enhancement in all these masses. A biopsy of the abdominal mass revealed an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.

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QUIZ

ECG – implantable loop recorder

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz on page 150 and case discussion

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MISCELLANEOUS

The path of the first female surgeon to open-heart surgery - Nina Starr Braunwald

Nina Starr Braunwald - first female heart surgeon, a pioneer in cardio-thoracic surgery, certified by the American Board of Thoracic Surgery and the first elected to the American Thoracic Surgery Association, a wonderful wife and mother of three daughters, teacher and mentor of several generations of doctors. We will tell everyone about this in more detail in our historical note

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MISCELLANEOUS

First female cardiac surgeon

For a long time, medicine was the prerogative of men, and women were not allowed to this area. And despite the prohibitions and moral values of those times, women left a mark in the history of medicine.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 5 September 2021

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Vol 5 ( 2021 ); Issue 2

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: On current issue, important cardiovascular documents and trials, COVID-19 sequels, and welcome to the new Editors

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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

His Bundle Pacing – Stand-alone or adjunctive physiological pacing: a systematic review

His-bundle pacing (HBP) appears to be a viable stand-alone or adjunctive physiological pacing therapy in pacemaker dependent patients. It could also serve as an effective adjunct or alternative pacing therapy for heart failure patients who require cardiac resynchronization therapy or pacemaker upgrade. His-bundle pacing has demonstrated improvement of His-Purkinje conduction, left ventricular electrical / mechanical synchronization, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with right ventricle pacing.

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REVIEW

Differential radiological semiotics of coronavirus infection and other etiology pneumonias

In this review article we summarized the differential diagnosis of radiological signs of pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection and emphasized learning points.

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CASE REPORT

A life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia secondary to loperamide abuse, “a poor man’s methadone”

The case of a patient with repetitive syncope episodes with a history of using loperamide at high doses for recreational purposes in search of an effect similar to heroin, is reported. In the diagnostic approach with Holter monitoring, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation were evidenced. We also present the treatment of our case and review the literature.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Echo imaging case

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz: Echo Imaging on Page 79 and Case Discussion

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EDUCATION

Steps to interpret an electrocardiogram for healthcare professionals

This article discusses the easy way and steps to interpret an electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG is one of the hardest topics for medical students, young medical doctors, cardiac nurses and other health professionals, that is why this topic has been chosen in order to help them to understand how to interpret ECG easily.

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EDUCATION

Taking advantage of the IRIS experience: utilizing the potential of trainees and faculty

We would like to open a discussion on this topic - how to teach young researcher the soft skills required for doing research, as well as how to combine the on-line and in-person formats in an optimal way.

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NEWS

Mini-invasive and innovative cardiac surgery conference devoted to the memory of Isa K. Akhunbaev

The 4th Annual Scientific-Practical Conference on Mini-invasive and Innovative Cardiac Surgery devoted to the memory of Isa K. Akhunbaev was held between 19-22 June 2021, in Bishkek and Baet, Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors of issue Volume 5 June 2021

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Vol 5 ( 2021 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: On current issue, guidelines and updates, pandemics, academic advancement, ethics, and diversity

In this issue March 2021 issue of the Heart, Vessels and Transplantation journal you may find editorial on what is new in 2020 atrial fibrillation (AF) guideline, research article on pericardial involvement after cardiac surgery and reviews on syncope evaluation and biomarkers in congenital heart disease, case reports on infectious endocarditis in acute coronary syndrome, Texidor`s twinge as a cause of chest pain, quizzes on electrocardiography and interventional cardiology, and interesting commentary on literature and medicine.

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EDITORIALS

What is new with AF guidelines 2020?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Relationship between history of previous surgeries and pericardial involvement in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

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REVIEW

Head-up tilt test – a rationale for using in diagnosis of syncope

The main purpose of this review is to highlight the indications for HUTT and indicate situations in which it should be avoided due to the lack of added value of the applied therapy.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The diagnostic and prognostic role of amino-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptides in pediatric cardiac diseases and pulmonary hypertension

In this review, we aimed to analyze recent studies concerning the role of the NT-pro-BNP in pediatric cardiac patients with pulmonary hypertension.

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CASE REPORT

Acute coronary syndrome, a rare manifestation of infective endocarditis: a case report

Presentation of an acute coronary syndrome related to infective endocarditis is rare but potentially lethal. For young people, acute myocardial infarction and an infection syndrome should lead us to suspect IE.

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CASE REPORT

Texidor’s twinge a rare cause of benign paroxysmal chest pain

Various maneuvers like lying down or sitting upright and attempting deep inspiration tends to help in such conditions. This case report is reporting an unusual presentation of this syndrome due to its long duration of episode than the duration described in the previous reports.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiography

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QUIZ

Quiz – interventional cardiology: Coronary computed tomography angiography in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction

A-60-year-old male, attended to cardiology outpatient clinic with a numbness for 1 week without chest pain. In his medical history, no hypertension or diabetes mellitus was present.

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QUIZ

Answer to the quiz on page 37: Electrocardiogram

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MISCELLANEOUS

A tale of two cities: The influence of literature on medicine

The following piece is a reflection concerning the interplay between the art of writing and the art of medicine. We are exploring the similarities and disparities of the field with a focus on doctors – medical students and fiction authors/poets.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors volume 5 issue 1 March 2021

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Vol 4 ( 2020 ); Issue 4

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Assessment of cardiovascular risk in Kyrgyz Republic

An analysis of the current situation in the Kyrgyz Republic demonstrates that the areas of concern in care system for patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the insufficient and untimely identification of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as their ineffective management due to the incomplete implementation of existing risk stratification guidelines and decision-making. This study assesses distribution of total cardiovascular risk among the population of the Kyrgyz Republic using the WHO/ISH risk scale. In addition, the distribution of the main risk factors separately is calculated, as well as the frequency of some additional CVD risk factors that are not included into the WHO/ISH evaluation scale is estimated.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The effects of tocilizumab on clinical and laboratory features of patients with severe COVID-19: a single-center experience

Our observational study demonstrated significant improvement in oxygen saturation, reduction in inflammatory markers – leukocytosis, CRP and D-dimers and 83% recovery without need for mechanical ventilation and no mortality in patients with COVID-19 with severe multilobar bilateral pneumonia and CT score 3-4 receiving tocilizumab in addition to standard treatment.

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REVIEW

Methods for endovascular treatment of bifurcation lesions of coronary arteries: commonly used techniques

New techniques and special bifurcation stents may possibly overcome some limitations of the using two stents and revolutionize the management of PCI of bifurcation lesions of the coronary arteries in the future.

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CASE REPORT

Catheter ablation of incessant monomorphic ventricular tachycardia complicating the post-operative period after coronary artery bypass grafting

A 68-year-old patient with history of recent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) was admitted to our hospital with incessant monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and was treated successfully with radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA).

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IMAGE

CT and MR images of cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery

Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is a very rare vascular disorder with prevalence as low as 1:1000 of all vascular pathologies (1). This disease most frequently occurs in young or middle-aged male patients with male/female ratio of 5/1

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QUIZ

Quiz: Echo imaging

A 55 years old male patient with severe coronary artery disease was sent to our echocardiography lab for preoperative evaluation.

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IMAGE

Giant aneurysm of the left main coronary artery in a young man

A 25-year-old male, without cardiovascular risk factors or cardiovascular history, was referred to our hospital for recurrent angina. Thirty days before he presented the signs of a clinical myocardial infarction without receiving medical assistance.

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz on page 159: Echo imaging and case discussion

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Just my COVID-19 experience…

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EDUCATION

IRIS 2020: moving to the virtual space: IRIS Slovakia 2020 digital – the first step to the on-line arrangement

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EDUCATION

IRIS 2020: moving to the fully virtual space: IRIS Kyrgyzstan 2020 digital – the first full on-line IRIS course

The IRIS Kyrgyzstan 2020 represents further important step in moving IRIS into the virtual space (1, 2). The first full on-line course Kyrgyzstan 2020 digital was held on October 23-27, 2020, organized by the Center for Scientific Research and Development of Education, SRI of Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, and International School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, under the under patronage of Heart Vessels and Transplantation journal, under the leadership of Gulmira Kudaiberdieva.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors volume 4 issue 4 December 2020

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index 2020

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewer Index 2020

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MISCELLANEOUS

Content Index 2020

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Vol 4 ( 2020 ); Issue 3

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: Has everything changed during pandemic: peer-review, science, clinical practices and education, CV diseases?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Atrial septal defect patients with greater shunts show susceptibility for ventricular arrhythmias

T wave peak-to-end interval is a measure of transmural dispersion of repolarization and accepted as a surrogate for increased ventricular arrhythmogenesis risk. Our findings show that ASD patients whose shunt ratio are ≥2.0 show increased risk for arrhythmias.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Relationship of preoperative NT-pro BNP with clinical, perioperative and prognostic markers in cardiac surgery: Preliminary study results

We aimed to define the relationship of preoperative N-terminal-pro-brain type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) testing in routine practice of cardiac surgery with clinical, perioperative variables, surgical outcomes and complications in pediatric and adult cardiac surgery patients. In addition, we assessed relationship of NT-pro-BNP with EuroSCORE II in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

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EDITORIALS

NT-pro-BNP in cardiac surgery

The use of the laboratory criterion NT-proBNP makes it possible to objectively diagnose myocardial dysfunction with high analytical sensitivity and specificity; nevertheless, it is always necessary to compare complaints and Echo-CG data with NT-proBNP data.

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REVIEW

Arrhythmias in COVID-19: clinical significance and management

Worldwide spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused overwhelming mortality rate during preceding half of the year 2020. Although coronavirus infection was known for mostly respiratory tract involvement, novel COVID-19 pandemic showed excessive cardiac mortality and arrhythmic complications. We aimed to summarize current literature and emphasize on underlying pathological mechanisms and global point of view to coronavirus and arrhythmia relationship.

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IMAGE

Successful PCI with stenting for total occlusion of right coronary artery in a female patient with acute coronary syndrome in COVID -19 era

We present here the case of acute coronary syndrome (ST elevation myocardial infarction) with total occlusion of right coronary artery successfully treated with PCI and stenting during COVID-19 pandemics.

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Letter to the editor on article “Atrial septal defect patients with greater shunts show susceptibility for ventricular arrhythmias”

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Author`s reply to the Letter to the Editor on article “Atrial septal defect patients with greater shunts show susceptibility for ventricular arrhythmias”

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ANNOUNCEMENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY SCHOOL – IRIS 2020, SLOVAKIA

International Research Interdisciplinary School 2020 in Slovakia will be held on September 12-15, 2020.


ANNOUNCEMENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY SCHOOL – IRIS 2020, KYRGYZSTAN

International Research Interdisciplinary School 2020 will be held in virtual online format (due to pandemics restrictions) on October 23-27, 2020.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors volume 4 issue 3 September 2020

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Vol 4 ( 2020 ); Issue 2

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: On Covid-19 pandemics and welcome to new editors

We would like to welcome our new editors: on cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension – Dr Baktybek Kojonazarov from Gessen, Germany; on cardiovascular surgery - Dr Jeffrey Shuhaiber from Boston MA, USA; on cardiology and high-altitude medicine - Prof. Akpay Sarybaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and on nuclear cardiology and cardiology - Dr Andrea Rocha de Lorenzo from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Our team of editors’ feels enriched with invaluable expertise of our new members.

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EDITORIALS

The epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic

The maximum number of cases of coronavirus infection was 79 (tested positive cases, including asymptomatic and cases with clinical manifestations) as of April 12, 2020. According to the forecast by the WHO methodology, the peak incidence of COVID-19 should be at the eighth week of the development of the epidemic process, amounting to 92 cases. Starting from the fifth week, the number of cases of COVID-19 tends to decrease gradually and the mathematical model for predicting the incidence of COVID-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic shows that by the end of May 2020, 97% of the total number of infected with coronavirus will be detected.

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EDITORIALS

COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system

The understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 is a key to the implementation of therapeutic measures, which may offer additional benefits, mainly for patients with severe disease, such as anticoagulants.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Remodeling of the left heart in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease after mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structures

This study shows the possibility of implanting the right size of the artificial heart valve, with rheumatic lesions of the mitral valve with the complete preservation of subvalvular structures.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The effects of nutritional support for premature babies with ELBW and VLBW with hypoxic damage to the central nervous system

The aim of this investigation is to study clinical, laboratory, neurosonography and electroencephalography characteristics of preterm infants with VLBW and ELBW with hypoxic of CNS on complex comprehensive nutritional support, diagnostic criteria of which were infants body weight gain, increase in growth and head circumference

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REVIEW

Athletic heart adaptation, pathological hypertrophy and sudden cardiac death

In this review, we aimed to represent recent physiological and clinical standpoints regarding to athletic heart syndrome as well as its difference from sedentary heart changes and pathological hypertrophy, its association with sudden cardiac death.

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CASE REPORT

Results of surgical correction of gigantic left atrium

Thus, our case demonstrated reduction of left atrium early in postoperative period and its slow reduction after surgery during 1 year. It is also showed human reserve capacity and possibility of left atrial dilatation to such sizes. Late diagnosis of such changes in heart is possibly related to the fact that patient was afraid to see doctors and undergo surgery. The left atrial cavity size determination can be done intraoperatively using method of surgical glove we suggested.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Carotid artery ultrasound

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CASE REPORT

Severe bradyarrhythmia requiring temporary pacemaker in a COVID-19 patient receiving lopinavir/ritonavir treatment: a case report

This case highlights it is necessary to investigate balance between efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir for COVID-19 therapy. Off –label prescribing lopinavir/ritonavir outside of a clinical trial setting should be avoided until the data have proven that treatment benefit over placebo.

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QUIZ

Answers to the Quiz: Carotid artery ultrasound on page 76

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors volume 4 issue 2 June 2020

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Vol 4 ( 2020 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: Peer-review experience at the Heart, Vessels and Transplantation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The risk of type 2 diabetes in the native population of highlands Aksay of Kyrgyzstan

The prognosis of the indigenous people of the high-altitudes of Kyrgyzstan regarding the risk of developing T2DM depends on phenotypic factors and living conditions in the high altitudes, with hypoxia playing the leading role. Among the highlanders of Kyrgyzstan, metabolic factors are dominated by abdominal obesity, and it is likely that regular intake of fruits and vegetables is effective to reduce the risks of developing diabetes, along with the fight against other negative factors.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

The impact of surgical experience on complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Occurrence of complications and conversion to conventional surgical cholecystectomy reduced over time, depending on surgical experience of operating team and practice of operator.

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REVIEW

Right ventricular strain

This review is devoted to comprehensive echocardiographic analysis of right ventricular function - right ventricular strain rate analysis.

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QUIZ

Quiz: ECG - Pacemaker

The following 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing is provided from a 72 years old male patient implanted with a dual-chamber pacemaker (Medtronic Astra DR), when applying a magnet. He underwent three previous persistent atrial fibrillation and atrial tachycardia radiofrequency ablations, and an additional atrioventricular node ablation procedure (left ventricular ejection fraction 45%). The patient does not report any cardiovascular symptom.

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz: ECG-Pacemaker on page 26 and case discussion

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CORRECTION

Correction note

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors volume 4 issue 1 March 2020

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ANNOUNCEMENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY SCHOOL – IRIS 2020, KYRGYZSTAN

International Research Interdisciplinary School 2020 will be held on June 7-12 at the shore of the pearl of Kyrgyzstan – Bayet, Issyk-Kul lake.

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ANNOUNCEMENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY SCHOOL – IRIS 2020, SLOVAKIA

International Research Interdisciplinary School 2020 in Slovakia will be held on September 12-15, 2020.

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Vol 3 ( 2019 ); Issue 4

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

On impact of articles published in Heart, Vessels and Transplantation and on responding to reviewers` comments

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Epidemiological and nosological structure of patients with chronic heart failure according to institutions of tertiary level of healthcare of the Kyrgyz Republic

To define epidemiological and nosological structure of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) according to hospitals of tertiary level of the Kyrgyz Republic (National Center of Cardiology and Therapy and Scientific Research Institute of Heart Surgery and Organs Transplantation).

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REVIEW

Looking beyond ejection fraction: what we have in echocardiography

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the most frequently used echocardiographic parameter. LVEF based heart failure classification, timely intervention in a patient with valvular disease (e.g. aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation), deterioration of myocardial function in a patient treated with chemotherapy; all need a simple LVEF value for decision-making process.

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CASE REPORT

Pseudoaneurysm of interventricular membranous septum: a rare late complication after repeated valve replacements

A 39-year-old female patient who had aortic and mitral valve replacement due to rheumatic heart disease was also found to have cystic mass in the right ventricle on echocardiography during late routine control. The cystic mass identified on echocardiography was shown to be a pseudoaneurysm that develops from the membranous section of the interventricular septum and grows toward the right heart by ECG-triggered cardiac computed tomography performed for differential diagnosis. Because the patient did not accept the surgery, regular follow-ups were recommended.

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BRIEF REPORT

Analysis of early postoperative outcomes of combined simultaneous and multistage surgeries

According to results of our study, combined surgical interventions especially those performed from a single surgical approach, slightly increase the severity of the operation compared to isolated interventions performed for the same underlying diseases. Evidence reveals that simultaneous operations are not followed by severe operational complications, which could be an expected feature of solely this type of operation.

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QUIZ

Quiz: ICD

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiogram

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NEWS

The second international scientific-practical conference “School of Arrhythmology” in Kyrgyzstan

On October 25-26, 2019 the annual international scientific-practical conference "School of Arrhythmology" was organized by the main cardiac surgical medical institution of Kyrgyzstan - "Scientific Research Institute of Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation" under the Ministry of Health of Kyrgyz Republic.

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz on page 162: ICD

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz: Electrocardiogram on page 163 and case discussion

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CORRECTION

Correction note

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors issue 4 December 2019

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index 2019

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewer Index 2019

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MISCELLANEOUS

Content Index 2019

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Vol 3 ( 2019 ); Issue 3

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief

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REVIEW

Technological advances in cardiac pacing and defibrillation

In this review, the recent developments about the accesses for pacemakers and ICD will be described: the axillary and the femoral vein. The His bundle pacing and the advantages of the entirely subcutaneous defibrillator will also be presented.

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REVIEW

The gut and the heart: a concise narrative review

Foods have a wider role besides simply satisfying hunger, and the gut may be the source of several diseases. The human gut is populated by 100 trillion microorganisms and the most abundant phyla are the Firmicutes ( 60 a 80%), such as the lactobacilli, and the Bacteroidetes ( 20 a 40%), such as the gender Bacteroides.The obesity epidemics may be related to the constant availability of food, less physical exercise, and influences on the gut microbiota such as type of food ingested (low fiber, high calorie, and high fat).

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CASE REPORT

Bundle branch reentrant tachycardia treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy

A 66 years old woman with known dilated cardiomyopathy and severely reduced ejection fraction presented with bundle branch reentrant tachycardia. Bundle branch reentrant tachycardia is an uncommon form of ventricular tachycardia incorporating both bundle branches into the reentry circuit. The diagnosis is based on electrophysiological findings and pacing maneuvres that prove participation of the His- Purkinje system in the tachycardia mechanism.

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CASE REPORT

A rare case of bacterial infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus alactolyticus

We describe a case of Streptococcus alactolyticus infective endocarditis complicated by bacteriemia. A 64-year-old male with a previous history of coronary artery bypass grafting applied to our cardiology outpatient clinic with complaints of dyspnea, fever, confusion and an apical holosystolic murmur.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrophysiology

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiogram

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QUIZ

Quiz: Imaging

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EDUCATION

International Research Interdisciplinary Schools 2019 (IRIS 2019)

In the year 2019, two IRIS courses were held, one in Ukraine and one in Slovakia, completing the total number of 25 courses since the year 2006.

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NEWS

International jubilee scientific-practice conference devoted to the 110 years of academician IK Akhunbaev, 60 years of the first heart surgery and 15 years of SRIHS&OT "Innovations in cardiac surgery from finger commissurotomy to implantation of high-technology devices"

Between 14-18 May 2019 in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic at SRI of Heart Surgery and Organs Transplantation of Ministry of Health of Kyrgyz Republic master- classes on transcatheter aortic valve replacement, combined valvular heart diseases surgery and coronary bypass surgery, congenital heart diseases surgery: mini-invasive surgery of complex congenital heart diseases and thoracoscopic correction of congenital heart diseases, combined surgery of aortic root and coronary artery diseases, on interventional arrhythmology and cardiology, interventional closure of congenital heart diseases, on intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography took place.

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz on page 114 Electrophysiology

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz on page 115: Electrocardiogram

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz on page 116: Imaging and Case Discussion

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CORRECTION

Correction note

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors issue 3 September 2019

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Vol 3 ( 2019 ); Issue 2

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief

In this June 2019 issue of the journal you can find article on management of deep venous thrombosis in general surgery, review article on strategy of preservation subvalvular structures in mitral valve replacement surgery and quizzes on electrophysiology and pacemaker.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Combined approach of perioperative antithromboembolic management in abdominal and thyroid surgery

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the form of either pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) complicates major surgery not infrequently. We analyzed in this study superiority of combined approach of thromboprophylaxis compared to conventional nonpharmacological preventive sets.

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REVIEW

Strategy of complete preservation of the subvalvular structures in the mitral valve replacement

Complete preservation of leaflets for mitral valve replacement to maintain geometry and the function of left ventricle in the near and distant period is necessary. The aim of study was to analyze these procedures. Bileaflet preservation of the anatomical architectonics of the left ventricle in combination with the surgical reduction of the enlarged left atrium will allow to optimize the postoperative geometry and to improve the remodeling of all the left heart along with improved long-term results of patients with mitral valve replacement.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrophysiology

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QUIZ

Quiz: Pacemaker

A routine follow-up twelve-lead ECG (Fig. 1) is performed in a 70 years old male patient implanted with a dual-chamber pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome two years ago (Model Reply DR, Sorin)

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz on page 54: Electrophysiology

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz : Pacemaker on page 55 and case discussion

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CONFERENCE PAPERS AND ABSTRACTS

International scientific -practical conference dedicated to 60 years of the first heart surgery and 15 years of SRIHSOT: Papers and Abstracts

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EDITORIALS

Reviewers of the June 2019 issue

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ANNOUNCEMENT

International scientific-practical conference dedicated to 60 years of the first heart surgery and 15 years of SRIHSOT

"Innovations in cardiac surgery: from finger mitral commissurotomy to heart assist devices." 15-19 may 2019

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ANNOUNCEMENT

The International Research Interdisciplinary Schools - IRIS 2019

The IRIS program provides an environment for developing skills to carry out research projects, based on a practical, problem-based approach; and to establish enjoyable cross discipline/cross cultural collaboration.

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Vol 3 ( 2019 ); Issue 1

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

Requirements for research manuscripts submitted for consideration for publication in Heart Vessels and Transplantation

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Total cardiovascular risk among native population of Kyrgyzstan with diabetes mellitus type 2 and impaired glucose tolerance in high- and low-altitude regions

In diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, there is a very high risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) events. We aimed to study the total CV risk of the indigenous people of Kyrgyzstan with impaired carbohydrate metabolism (DM type 2 and impaired glucose tolerance, IGT), depending on the region of residence (low and high altitudes), and to develop targeted preventive measures.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Nobel Medical College, Nepal

As the gathered statistic data shows, the growing surgical experience leads to the decrease of the conversion rate, complications, hospital stay and mean operation time.

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REVIEW

Characteristics of woman`s heart with disorder of coronary circulation

We present review of current evidence on ischemic heart disease in women. The risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment and prevention of ischemic heart diseases in women are discussed.

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REVIEW

Spontaneous rupture of left ventricular posterior wall as a complication of mitral valve replacement

In this article, we provided summary of knowledge on left ventricular posterior wall rupture as a complication of mitral valve replacement surgery and shared our experience with such complication.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrophysiology

A 27-year-old patient with episodes of syncope and short episodes of documented tachycardia. What is the possible cause of syncope?

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QUIZ

Quiz: Echocardiography

Which location is the pulse wave flow belongs to? What kind of abnormality you can see in this flow sample?

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiogram

Woman, 46 years, complains of episodes of weakness, feeling of heat in the face, palpitations and tachycardia. Sometimes these symptoms make her wake up at night.

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EDUCATION

The experience of teacher’s academic mobility of the University of Girona (Spain) and I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy (Kyrgyzstan) in the framework of the international program Erasmus+

Erasmus+ is a program of the European Union in the field of education, the main purpose of which is to improve the quality of education and the development of mobility. At the same time, cultural exchange takes place among all participants between students and teachers and friendly relations arise. The program also creates the basis for international cooperation for university teachers in various countries.

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Letter to the editor on article "Anomalous origin of right coronary artery from left coronary sinus associated with aneurysm of aortic root"

We read with great interest the case report of Tuleutayev and co-authors (1) published in Heart, Vessels and Transplantation. In this case report, authors present a 61-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department with chest pain. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed aortic root aneurysm and right coronary artery (RCA) origin anomaly with related myocardial infarction. Images of a very good quality and satisfying information before and after surgical treatment were presented.

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Authors` reply to Letter to the editor on article "Anomalous origin of right coronary artery from left coronary sinus associated with aneurysm of aortic root"

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz on page 23: Electrophysiology

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz on page 24: Echocardiography

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QUIZ

Answer to a Quiz on page 25: Electrocardiogram

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers and editors issue 1 March 2019

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Vol 2 ( 2018 ); Issue 4

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: Concluding the year 2018

In this last issue of the year 2018, we published original research article on role of cytokines in hypertension with LVH and surgical AF ablation, interesting case report and challenging quiz on paced ECG, as well as invited review on advances on echocardiography.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Predictors of left ventricular hypertrophy development in patients with essential hypertension: role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

Our study demonstrates the modulating role of inflammation on the processes of myocardial remodeling in hypertension.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Bipolar versus unipolar energy in the surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with mitral valve surgery

Objective: To evaluate the presence of sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who had mitral valve surgery with concomitant surgical ablation of AF, by unipolar or bipolar radiofrequency.

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REVIEW

Advances in echocardiography: global longitudinal strain, intra-cardiac multidirectional flow imaging and automated 3d volume analysis

Echocardiography has the long development history beginning with amplitude imaging. Nowadays, two- and three- dimensional imaging are standard tools available in almost every echocardiography machine. Myocardial deformation imaging is gaining popularity out of research projects. The future will bring new and sophisticated tools for echocardiographic analysis such intracardiac flow imaging and an automated 3D volume calculation.

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CASE REPORT

Anomalous origin of right coronary artery from left coronary sinus associated with aneurysm of aortic root

The aim of our case report is to describe rare anomaly of coronary artery origin concomitant with aortic root aneurysm, as well as to present the results of surgical correction of this pathology.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Pacemaker

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IN MEMORIAM

In Memory of Professor Usen B. Baisakov

Usenbek B. Baisakov physician by vocation, who devoted himself to serve medicine, was a careful attentive family man, a husband and a father, a kind colleague.

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz: Pacemaker on page 130 and case discussion

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author index 2018

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Reviewer index 2018

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Content index 2018

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Reviewers of the December 2018 issue

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Vol 2 ( 2018 ); Issue 3

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief

In this issue, we published the editorial about prominent surgeon, founder of cardiovascular surgery in Central Asia who performed first heart surgery – Professor Isa K. Akhunbaev.

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EDITORIALS

Succession of traditions in cardiac surgery

“With my work, I am the son of my nation. Before these people I bow. People, I'm your slave. Not only with work, but with my blood I belong to you. I am Isa.” It is dedicated to the 110th anniversary of Academician Isa Akhunbaev

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Peculiarities of the menstrual function of adolescent girls, internal migrants from the highland regions of Kyrgyzstan

To study the nature of changes and peculiarities of the menstrual function in adolescent girls, internal migrants from the highland regions of the republic, depending on the length of stay in lowland areas.

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CASE REPORT

Difficulty in weaning and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in inoperable severe mitral regurgitation: a case report

The present report describes one strategy used for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and to help wean a patient from mechanical ventilation, with prohibitive comorbidities that contra-indicate surgical mitral valve repair, using respiratory and peripheral muscle training associated with positive pressure ventilation

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QUIZ

QUIZ : ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY

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MISCELLANEOUS

International Interdisciplinary School IRIS, June 11-16, 2018, Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan

Beautiful nature, Issyk-Kul, common interests, close cultures (8 participants from Kyrgyzstan and 1 from Kazakhstan), informal and high professional skills of the faculty created a very friendly environment. Participants do not forget the evening at the Faculty home. The participants were interested in the scientific career of Gulmira and Jonathan, their completed and planned scientific projects, the history of the IRIS school, told about their successes, problems and plans for the future.

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NEWS

International "School of Arrhythmology" in Kyrgyzstan

For the first time in Kyrgyz Republic, the first scientific and international Arrhythmology School was organized by main cardiac surgery of Kyrgyzstan – Scientific Research Institute of Organ Transplantation (SRIHSOT) with support of Ministry of Health. The conference Contemporary Methods of Arrhythmia Diagnosis and Treatment of Arrhythmias for Cardiologists and Family Physicians took place on 19.06.2018 in cultural center Asanbai.

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QUIZ

ANSWER TO QUIZ : ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY ON PAGE 79

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MISCELLANEOUS

Correction note

The Note on page 36, right upper corner line 1: Heart Vessels and Transplantation 2018; 2: 35 must read Heart Vessels and Transplantation 2018; 2: 36-37. Editorial office apologizes for the typo print error.


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Reviewers of issue

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Vol 2 ( 2018 ); Issue 2

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief: issue insight, research education and encouraging scientific debate

We also announce the educational activity our journal is involved- International Research Interdisciplinary School (program developed at Duke University, Durham, NC, USA) that will be held on the shore of Issik-Kul, Kyrgyzstan in June 2018, this is the second school in our country, which was held in many countries all over the globe ..

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EDITORIALS

Endocarditis treatment

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe condition with high morbidity and a high in-hospital and 5- year mortality . Part of the strategy to decrease mortality is early diagnosis, adequate antimicrobial treatment and best surgical timing as well as access to surgery. Establishing the causative pathogen is of paramount importance, and in most settings routine blood cultures are used for this purpose, although other sites may be cultured, such as distant emboli. Besides this, serological diagnosis may important in suggestive epidemiological scenarios, especially for Bartonella spp and Coxiella burnetii.

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PROTOCOL

Treating endocarditis: A protocol of an antimicrobal treatment from a middle-income country

The following protocol is intended to be a useful and practical guide to empirical and pathogen directed antimicrobial therapy of infective endocarditis (IE) in adult patients

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EDITORIALS

Development of regulation of publication activity of scientists of Kyrgyzstan

Recently, the Higher Attestation Commission (HAC) of the Kyrgyz Republic has been actively working to improve the quality of scientific research on the basis of which theses are defended and scientific personnel are certified. Previously the basic requirement for the publication of scientific research results concerned mainly the number of published works.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Candidemia in critically ill patients admitted to a cardiothoracic intensive care unit: a retrospective, observational study

Candidemia was an uncommon infectious complication, but associated with a significant mortality. Our data support the identification of high-risk cardiac surgery patients who may benefit from empirical antifungal therapy.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Primary detection of congenital heart diseases in the Kyrgyz Republic

In this study, we sought to study the structure of newly diagnosed CHD and the age of the diagnosis within Kyrgyz Republic.

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REVIEW

Surgical treatment of acquired valvular heart disease in elderly patients

This article provide an overview of studies on indications, surgery and outcomes of valvular heart disease surgery in elderly patients.

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiogram

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QUIZ

Answer to Quiz Electrocardiogram on page 65 and case discussion

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ANNOUNCEMENT

International Research Interdisciplinary School

International Research Interdisciplinary School at the shore of the pearl of Kyrgyzstan – Issyk-Kul lake. The 5-day workshop program created at the Duke University, Durham, USA, is the training program on how to prepare a scientific project and how to work in multidisciplinary international team. The language of school is English.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers of issue

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Vol 2 ( 2018 ); Issue 1

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Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor-in-Chief

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EDITORIALS

What research topic is the “hot” research topic?

Another question I hear frequently from students, junior researchers and clinicians, is related to the selection of the research field for their future research career: “What field of science is THE FIELD for an exciting research, for being a successful and recognized researcher and for contributing to innovations?” And a related question: “Is it possible to do research without new sophisticated equipment?”, or in other words: “Is it possible to do a good research when I do not have latest (expensive) technology or I am not in the new emerging promising field of science”?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Availability of cardiac surgical care in surgical correction of acquired heart defects in patients of older age group

Thus our study demonstrated accesibility of surgical care for elderly patients is the highest for the urban areas with specialized cardiac surgery centers, where patients referred from rural regions.

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REVIEW

Echocardiographic evaluation of heart valve prosthetic dysfunction

Patients with replaced heart valve submitted to echocardiographic examination may have symptoms related either to valvular malfunction or ventricular dysfunction from different causes. Clinical examination is not reliable in a prosthetic valve evaluation and the main information regarding its function could be obtained using different cardiac ultrasound modalities. This review provides a description of echocardiographic and Doppler techniques useful in evaluation of prosthetic heart valves.

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REVIEW

Diet of schoolchildren as a risk factor of nutritional disorders

In this paper, we present the literature review on nutrition disorders in schoolchildren. as well as the data about the role of rational and balanced nutrition in strengthening of child and adolescent health. We provided the review of literature on the approaches in education facilities on healthy diet education and school meals.

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QUIZ

Quiz: The ICD patient with chest pain

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BRIEF REPORT

New designs for counterpulsation devices

Counterpulsation is an intervention used to restore the Windkessel effect of the aorta in the setting of hemodynamic compromise by increasing aortic pressure during early diastole that augments coronary and distal end organ perfusion as well as decreasing aortic pressure during early systole thus reducing ventricular afterload and workload

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NEWS

On Eurasian Association of Cardiothoracic Surgeons - EAACTS

The constituent assembly of the Eurasian Association Cardiothoracic Surgeons - EAACTS was held on 19th January 2018 at Golden Tulip hotel in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

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QUIZ

Answer to quiz on page 26 and Case Discussion: The ICD patient with chest pain

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MISCELLANEOUS

Author Index

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Reviewers index for 2017

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Content index for 2017

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MISCELLANEOUS

Correction note

Correction note: this to notify correction for manuscript: Tuleutayeva R, Mukhamedova A, Musina A, Sultanova Z, Makhatova A, Vancova M, et al. International Research Interdisciplinary School : 23-28 September 2017, Semey, East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan. Heart Vessels and Transplantation 2017; 1: 99-103 - page 100, legend for Figure 4. should read Team the Girls: Dinara Alibekova, Erkezhan Kalshabai Gulnara Nurgalieva: Performing - final presentation of project instead of Team the Girls: Roza Taimanova ...


MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers of issue

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Vol 1 ( 2017 ); Issue 3

EDITORIALS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

Perspectives of Heart Vessels and Transplantation in Central Asia

To answer the question, why do we need a new medical journal in Central Asia, it is essential to understand that with transition to the new standards of scientific research in majority of Central Asian countries, the crucial need in change of approaches in biomedical publishing corresponding to worldwide standards has emerged.

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EDITORIALS

Key messages to comprehend: the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document - How to manage device-detected subclinical atrial tachyarrhythmias

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia. In the last 20 years, it has become one of the most important public health problems and a significant cause of increasing healthcare expenditures. The prevalence of AF is also increasing due to the improved ability to suspect and diagnose AF in the setting of variety of chronic cardiac and non-cardiac diseases.

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REVIEW

Radiation Therapy Induced Cardiovascular Disease

The advent of advanced hematological and oncological treatment modalities including radiation therapy (RT) has led to increased survival in patients with a range of malignancies. However, this increased curative and disease free survival rate has been offset by the development of late treatment related complications, such as secondary malignancies and cardiovascular disease. This would explain why childhood cancer survivors exhibit a long-term survival rate that is significantly lower than age and gender matched population controls. When compared to the general population, the lifespan of these patients may be reduced by up to 10 years

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CASE REPORT

Cryoablation of para-Hisian accessory pathway in a child without fluoroscopy

A 14-year-old boy with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome underwent an electrophysiology study by the use of Navigation System Velocity Navix (St. Jude, USA) for symptoms of palpitations and persistence of pre-excitation during common exercise

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QUIZ

Quiz: Electrocardiogram

Female, 77 years, complains on episodes of lightheadedness and palpitations. Fragment of ECG was recorded in night-time using 12 leads Holter monitor. Speed of the recording – 25 mm/s.

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EDITORIALS

International Research Interdisciplinary School – May 8-13, 2017, Zhovkva, Lviv, Ukraine

In the city of Zhovkva, near Lviv, on May 8-13, 2017, the 20th anniversary International Research Interdisciplinary School (IRIS) for young scientists working in the field of biomedical sciences was held for the first time in Ukraine. The program of this school is based on the Research Workshop developed at Duke University, USA. The initiative for the IRIS was started by the American Journal of Electrocardiology in 2006 and supported by a number of European national and international journals. The main purpose of the school was to develop the ability of its participants to plan and conduct scientific projects in biomedical disciplines.

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EDITORIALS

International Research Interdisciplinary School Meeting in Astana, Kazakhstan 18-23 September 2017: An Introduction To How Plan A Research Project

From 2006 to now, International Research Interdisciplinary Schools (IRIS) previously called as The International Scientific Schools has provided necessary skills for its participants about research principles and research training, which have been usually forgotten in the curricula of continued medical education (1).

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MISCELLANEOUS

International Research Interdisciplinary School : 23-28 September 2017, Semey, East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan

This year the International Research Interdisciplinary Schools (IRIS) were held in three locations in Slovakia and Kazahkstan. The purpose and methodology of the IRIS has been described in detail in previous reports (1-12). Participants in IRIS may increase the number of publications after compared to prior their participation

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EDITORIALS

External Reviewers

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QUIZ

ANSWER TO QUIZ ON PAGE 92

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers of issue

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Vol 1 ( 2017 ); Issue 2

EDITORIALS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

A short message from the Editor-In-Chief: submit articles for academic advancement or contribute to evidence pool and education

This is an unannounced editorial; despite we promised to give platform for our international editors I decided to write myself to answer the rhetoric question addressed by junior researchers and clinicians – does your journal has impact factor, to submit or not submit?

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Surgical treatment of multi-valve heart disease associated with infective endocarditis

Our results of surgical treatment of multi-valve heart defects with infective endocarditis showed the efficacy of developed complex preoperative and intraoperative measures in surgical treatment of IE. This new treatment approach is associated with significant improvement of left ventricular function and low mortality rate.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ovarian vein diameters measured by MDCT in women without evidence of pelvic congestion syndrome

The purpose of this study was to clarify reference values for ovarian veins diameters in women without evidence of primary or secondary pelvic venous insufficiency and to determine factors influencing these parameters.

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REVIEW

Postpericardiotomy syndrome and its complications: prevalence, clinical significance and management

In this review, we summarized current evidence on clinical significance, outcomes and management of postpericardiotomy syndrome and its complications developing after cardiac operations.

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CASE REPORT

A funnel shaped pannus formation above the mitral prosthetic valve diagnosed with real time three-dimensional echocardiography

Prosthetic valve obstruction has an incidence ranging from 0.4% to 6% per year (1). Apart from thrombus formation, prosthetic valve obstruction can also be caused by pannus formation with variable frequency (2, 3). Correct diagnosis is of paramount importance in any patient with prosthetic valve obstruction. Real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT 3D TEE) has the capacity to provide more in-depth analysis of any pannus related mechanical valve obstruction.

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CASE REPORT

Right coronary artery thrombosis within drug eluting stents more than 10 years after deployment: Two cases of very, very late stent thrombosis

We present two rare cases of very late stent thrombosis occurring beyond ten years post initial drug eluting stent deployment.

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BRIEF REPORT

Types and Structure of Complications, and Causes of Mortality with Different Combinations of Immunosuppressants in Patients of Undergoing Organ Transplantation

We aimed to retrospectively analyze morbidity and mortality in recipients of kidney and liver transplant receiving immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus and cyclosporine with mycophenolate mofetil and mycophenolic acid). Overall, 228 patients who underwent kidney and liver transplantation were included in the study.

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EDITORIALS

Brief guideline on use of statistical analysis and report data in article submitted for consideration for publication in Heart Vessels and Transplantation

These are general guidelines for using statistics in medical papers in accurate and precise way (1-3). Hereafter you can find the brief excerpt of main rules for reporting statistical data (1-7). The main rule is clearly defining the research question/hypothesis and design of the study, which should guide you in selection of appropriate tests.

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IN MEMORIAM

In Memory of Professor Galen S. Wagner M.D., Ph.D. (1939 - 2016) – our mentor, colleague and friend

Galen combined passion and intensity with unusual modesty about his own accomplishments, giving credit to others’ achievements. He was a world-known scientist in electrocardiology and cardiology who trained directly and indirectly thousands of physicians around the world. Galen’s legacy is amazing and expressed in so many ways by his textbooks, excellent research, leadership at the Journal of Electrocardiology, by his inspiration for so many clinicians and researchers. We promise to continue in the IRIS mission and develop further these international courses, to utilize this unique program

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IN MEMORIAM

In Memory of Professor Dr. Ahmet Birand (1938-2017) – cardiologist, scientist, innovator and educator

Professor Ahmet Birand born in 1938, graduated from high school in Ankara. From 1955 till 1961 he underwent undergraduate studies at Medical Faculties of Ankara University and Izmir University. In Izmir, he further finished his specialization in internal medicine and in 1970, he obtained the degree of associate professor. Professor Birand had started his career at Cukurova University in Adana, in 1974 as an associate professor of internal medicine clinic.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers of issue

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Vol 1 ( 2017 ); Issue 1

MISCELLANEOUS

Content page

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EDITORIALS

From Editor: Introducing a new journal and the 1st issue

Introducing the first issue of a new peer-reviewed international journal on cardiovascular surgery and transplantation, cardiology and broad spectrum of relevant disciplines – Heart Vessels and Transplantation, I would like to highlight main editorial and publishing policies.You may find in the next Editorial the reasons why we decided to publish a new international peer-reviewed journal

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EDITORIALS

Our mission - reasons why we have chosen to launch a new international journal: HEART - VESSELS AND TRANSPLANTATION

Why to publish the new journal in English language on cardiovascular medicine in the international environment of abundance in specialized journals worldwide? It is reasonable to provide the rationale for this:

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Choice of approaches for surgical correction of tricuspid pathology in patients with rheumatic multi-valvular heart disease

Our study demonstrated that correction of tricuspid valve disease in our cohort of patients, including valve repair and replacement and reconstructive surgery of fibrous ring alone or in combination with mitral or aortic valve replacement/ repair is accompanied by reduction of tricuspid regurgitation and reduction of cardiac chamber size and right ventricular pressure. No complications intrinsic to operative technique of tricuspid valve reconstructive surgery as advanced atrioventricular block or myocardial ischemia and infarction were recorded.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Nutrition characteristics and morbidity of adolescents (15-17 years) of Kyrgyz Republic

In this study, we analyzed the nutrition status and morbidity of adolescents.

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REVIEW

Atria: A comprehensive evaluation with echocardiography

Left and right atria have gained interest from scientific community. Two or three- dimensional echocardiographic methods have been implemented for better understanding of atrial functions in both healthy persons and patients with various diseases. Atrial volume could be calculated from 2D or 3D images. Volumetric data and derived parameters could be used for determining atrial phasic functions.

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REVIEW

Interpretation of uncommon ECG findings in patients with atrial flutter

Atrial flutter (AFL) is one of the most common supraventricular arrhythmias with macro-reentrant mechanism of atrial activation around an anatomical barrier with regular atrial rate ≥ 240 beats/min (1, 2). Despite of recent advances in invasive electrophysiology, electrocardiography (ECG) remains one of the most effective methods used for rhythm disorders diagnostics.

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CASE REPORT

Surgical treatment of multiple echinococcosis of left ventricle

Echinococcosis is helminthiasis of cestodosis group characterized by formation of parasitic cysts in liver, lungs or other organs and tissues. Heart echinococcosis occurs in 0.5-2.0% of patients with generalized form of the disease. The embryos of echinococcus (scolexes) may penetrate into the heart in two ways - from the venous blood through the endocardium of the right heart and the breakout of hydatid cysts in the lung and pulmonary veins. In myocardium, scolex develops into mature hydatid cyst.

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CASE REPORT

Dissection of descending aorta treated by stent-graft implantation in a patient with Marfan syndrome

This report describes a 32 years old patient with Marfan syndrome and hypertension.

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BRIEF REPORT

Frequency of detection of congenital heart diseases in different regions of Kyrgyz Republic

In this article, we present preliminary results of screening for congenital heart diseases (CHD) in Kyrgyz Republic. Pilot project for early diagnostics of CHD, launched in this year, shows initial results of screening in remote areas of our country.

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EDITORIALS

Writing a scientific paper: an integral part of the continuous academic development of healthcare professionals

"Continuing medical education“, "lifelong learning“, "continuous professional development“, "physicians as scholars“ – several terms with ovelapping meaning and with a commom aim. They stress the ethical obligation of healthcare professional to ensure the high quality of health care and its continuous improvement, by continuous learning , by keeping healthcare professional at the latest level of knowledge in the field (1, 2) (). Lifelong learning and continuous medical education has become the natural part of medicine.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Statement from the international research interdisciplinary school collaboration group

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MISCELLANEOUS

Reviewers of issue

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DEBATES

On sweet undeniable feeling of power of international intellectual feudalism, bias, discrimination, censoring, theft, and yet cloud of rumors again – Part 1

This is a first piece we open for debate and discussion. As every editor can comprehend from the title of this short introduction, this is about may be some journal editors have experienced or it may only be intrinsic for our journal.

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